諷刺 英文

&lt;script&gt; //&lt;![CDATA[ (function() { var img = "File/Image/snsline.png", // line 按鈕圖示 title = document.title, url = "http://" + location.hostname + location.pathname, href, html; // 行動裝置語法 if( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry|IEMobile|Opera Mini/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) { href = "http://line.naver.jp/R/msg/text/?" + title + "%0D%0A" + url; } else { // 網頁版語法 href = "https://lineit.line.me/share/ui?url=" + encodeURIComponent(url); } html = "&lt;a href='" + href + "' target='_blank'&gt;&lt;img src='" + img + "'/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;"; document.write(html); })(); //]]&gt; </div> </tr> </div> <div class="article"> <tr><td class="article"></td></tr> <tr> <td class="content"><div><strong style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">sarcasm </strong><span style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">(n.), </span><strong style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">sarcastic </strong><span style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">(adj.)*:</span></div> <div><font face="Tahoma" style="color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:large">"First, situations may be ironic, but only people can be sarcastic. Second, people may be unintentionally ironic, but sarcasm requires intention. What is essential to sarcasm is that it is overt irony intentionally used by the speaker as a form of verbal aggression."</font></div> <div><span style="color:rgb(153,51,0);font-size:18PT"><span style="font-family:Tahoma">「首先，『某些情況』可以是 ironic 的，但只有人才會是&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma">sarcastic</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma">。其次，人無意中會 ironic，但 sarcasm 一定是故意的。Sarcasm 的前提是公然 irony，而且</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma">說者是故意把它當作一種言語上的攻擊。</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma">」</span></span></div> <div><font color="#808080" size="2" face="Tahoma">（資料來源：John Haiman, <em>Talk Is Cheap: Sarcasm, Alienation, and the Evolution of Language</em>. Oxford Univ. Press, 1998）</font><span><br> </span><font color="#000000" size="3" face="Tahoma"><br></font></div> <div><font face="Tahoma" style="color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:large">So basically sarcasm can only be applied to people, and it must be intentional. A sarcastic remark, in other words, has a purposefully malicious nature; at the very least, it should be teasing in a slightly abrasive way. Irony, on the other hand, can be unintentional.</font></div> <div><font face="Tahoma" style="font-size:17PT"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">所以基本上，</span><span style="background-color:rgb(0,0,255);color:rgb(255,255,255)">sarcasm 只適用於人，且必須是故意的。</span></font><span style="font-size:17PT;font-family:Tahoma">換句話說，</span><span style="font-size:17PT;font-family:Tahoma;background-color:rgb(0,0,255);color:rgb(255,255,255)">言論 sarcastic 是有目的地懷著惡意</span><span style="font-size:17PT;font-family:Tahoma">；最起碼應該是</span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Tahoma;background-color:rgb(0,0,255);color:rgb(255,255,255)">以有點傷人的方式來揶揄</span><span style="font-size:17PT;font-family:Tahoma">。另一方面，</span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Tahoma;background-color:rgb(0,0,255);color:rgb(255,255,255)">Irony 則可以是無意的。</span><span style="color:rgb(255,255,255);font-weight:bold;font-size:medium;font-family:Tahoma">.</span></div> <div><strong style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma"><br></strong></div> <div><strong style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">irony </strong><span style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">(n.), </span><strong style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">ironic </strong><span style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">(adj.)**:</span></div> <div><font face="Tahoma"> <div><font face="Tahoma"><font style="color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:large">"<span style="font-family:Tahoma" lang="EN-US">the discrepancy between what is said <span style="font-family:Tahoma" lang="EN-US">and what is meant, what is said and what is done, what is expected or intended and what happens, what is meant or said and what others understand"</span></span></font></font></div> <div><span style="font-size:17PT">「所說的話和所指的意思、所說的話和所做的事、指望或期預的情形和所發生的情況、所指的意思或所說的話<span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">和別人的理解等有所落差</span><span style="color:rgb(153, 51,0)">」</span></span></div> </font></div> <div><font size="2" face="Tahoma" style="color:rgb(128,128,128)">（資料來源</font><font size="2" face="Tahoma" style="color:rgb(128,128,128)">：</font><a target="_blank" href="http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/english/melani/lit_term.html"><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51)">http://academic.brooklyn.c</span><span style="color:rgb(128,128, 128)">uny.edu/english/melani/lit_term.html</span></font></a><font size="2" face="Tahoma" style="color:rgb(128,128,128)">）</font><span style="color:rgb(255,255,255);font-family:Tahoma;font-size:medium;font-weight:bold">.</span></div> <div><strong style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma"><br></strong></div> <div><strong style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">satire </strong><span style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">(n.), </span><strong style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma">satirical</strong><span style="color:rgb(51,102,255);font-size:x-large;font-family:Tahoma"> (adj.)***:</span></div> <div><font face="Tahoma"><font size="3" style="color:rgb(153,153,153)">1. the use of irony, sarcasm, ridicule, or the like, in exposing, denouncing, or deriding vice, folly, etc. </font></font></div> <div><font face="Tahoma"><font size="3" style="color:rgb(153,153,153)"><span>2. </span>a literary composition, in verse or prose, in which human folly and vice are held up to scorn, derision, or ridicule. </font></font></div> <div><font face="Tahoma"><font size="3" style="color:rgb(153,153,153)">3. a literary genre comprising such compositions.</font></font></div> <div><font face="Tahoma"><font style="font-size:large">1. 運用 irony、sarcasm、ridicule（奚落）或類似的手法來揭發、譴責或嘲弄惡行、愚行等。</font></font></div> <div><span style="font-size:large"><span style="font-family:Tahoma">2.&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma">詩歌或散文形式的文學作品，並在文中鄙視、嘲笑或</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma">奚落</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma">人類的愚行和惡行。</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-family:Tahoma;font-size:large">3. 由這類要素所構成的文體。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size:small"><span style="color:rgb(128,128,128);font-family:Tahoma"><font>(資料來源:</font>&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:Tahoma"><a target="_blank" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/satire"><span style="color:rgb(128,128,128)">http://dictionary.</span><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51)">reference.com/browse/satire</span></a></span><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:rgb(51,51,51)"><font>)</font></span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size:small"><span style="font-family:Tahoma"><font><br></font></span></span></div> <div><font size="3" face="Tahoma" style="color:rgb(153,153,153)">Satire is therefore primarily a literary exercise in which human weaknesses and social institutions are magnified and made fun of.</font><font color="#000000" size="3" face="Tahoma">&nbsp;</font></div> <div><font face="Tahoma" style="font-size:17PT"><span style="background-color:rgb(0,0,255);color:rgb(255,255,255)">satire 主要是一種文學表現</span><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">，用以誇大和取笑人類的弱點和社會體制。</span></font><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體;color:rgb(142,142,142);text-align:center">&nbsp;</span></div> <div> <hr> <div class="readmore" style="margin-bottom:14.8875px"><span class="readmore_title">你可能會有興趣</span><br><span class="readmore"><span class="readmore"><span class="readmore" style="font-size:17.3333px"><span style="font-weight:bold">【</span></span><span class="readmore" style="font-size:17.3333px"><a href="http://www.betamedia.com.tw/Event/tibequiz/" target="_blank">新春擂台 Quiz 火熱展開中!!</a></span><span class="readmore" style="font-size:17.3333px"><span style="font-weight:bold">】</span><span style="font-weight:700"><br></span></span><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="color:rgb(255,0,0)">2/20 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