Nationality 中文

After the reunification, EMs in Hong Kong …… my focus

[...] is people ofIndian,Pakistani and Nepalesenationality.People from [...]

the United Kingdom, the United

[...]

States, Australia and New Zealand have absolutely no problem, given their social status and financial capacity.

legco.gov.hk

legco.gov.hk

回歸之後,香港的少數族裔......我 和尼泊 爾裔 、美、加、澳、紐那些是沒有問題的,因為其社會地位和經濟能力 都絕對沒有問題。

legco.gov.hk

legco.gov.hk

Asanationof unparalleled diversity,Indianswould not have succeeded in holding together and strengthening a compositeIndianidentity unless [...]

they practised tolerance

[...]

and were determined to live together in peace.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

作为一个具有无与伦 比的多样的国家,如果不力 行容恕并决心和睦印度人法团 结一致并加强一种混 合的 印度性。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

(d) To inform foreign prisoners of the possibility, where available, of

[...]

seeking transfer to serve their sentence in

[...] their country ofnationality,subject to the [...]

consent of the States involved.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

(d) 向外国囚犯告知在条件允许的情况下其可以争取转移 至其 籍国,但必须征得所涉国家的同意。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

The 21 participating banks joining the Bookrunning Mandated Lead Arrangers in the transaction include: Rabobank International, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc and RBS (Deutschland) AG, First Gulf Bank PJSC, Singapore Branch,IndianOverseas Bank, Singapore Branch, QatarNationalBank SAQ, Singapore Branch, United Overseas Bank Limited, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Limited, Singapore Branch, British Arab Commercial Bank plc, Chinatrust Commercial Bank Co.

tipschina.gov.cn

tipschina.gov.cn

参与此次交易的另外21家银行包括:Rabobank International、苏格兰皇家银行与苏格兰皇家银行(德国)有限公司、海湾第一银行新加坡分行、 印度海外银行新加坡分行、卡塔尔国家银行新加坡分行、大华银行有限公司、澳大利亚和新西兰银行集团有限公司 、三菱东京UFJ银行株式会社新加坡分行、英国阿拉伯商业银行、中国信托商业银行有限公司新加坡分行、瑞弗 森国际银行集团有限公司新加坡分行、东亚银行有限公司新加坡分行、天顶银行(英国)有限公司、巴西银行、台 湾银行新加坡分行、恒生银行有限公司、泰京银行(大众)有限公司新加坡分行、兆丰国际商业银行股份有限公司 新加坡分行、印尼国家银行新加坡分行以及阿拉伯法国联合银行。

tipschina.gov.cn

tipschina.gov.cn

For the purposes of more comprehensive protection, each State is encouraged to take all appropriate measures, in accordance with international law, to cooperate with other States concerned with a view to establishing jurisdiction over, and providing effective criminal sanctions against, those persons who have committed or have ordered to be committed acts referred to above (VII – Individual criminal

[...]

responsibility) and who are found present

[...] on its territory, regardless of theirnationalityand the place where such act occurred.

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

为了进行更加全面的保护,鼓励各国根据国际法采取各种适当的措施与其他有关国家进行合 作,以便确立有关的司法管辖权,并对那些犯有或下令犯有上述行为(VII.个人的刑事责任)并在 该国领土被发现的个人(论其 籍如 以及 该行 为在何处发生)予以有效的 裁。

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

In addition to the fundamental rights guaranteed in the Constitution, the Act further provides for the right to

[...]

survival and development of children; right to

[...] name; right tonationality;right to health [...]

and health services, etc; right to privacy;

[...]

right to parental care, protection and maintenance; right to a child in need of special protection measures; right of the unborn child to protection against harm, etc; right to parental property; right to social activities; rights to social activities; contractual rights of the child; right to opinion; right to education; child’s right to stay with parents; protection from harmful social and customary practices; right of child to be maintained and the right of children to legal aid in all cases.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

除了宪法保障的基本权利

[...] 之外,该法令进一步规定了儿童的生存和发育权;姓 健康 和卫 生 服务等权利;隐私权;父母关爱、保护和养育权;需要特别保护措施的儿童的权 [...]

利;胎儿受保护免受危害等的权利;获得父母财产的权利;社交活动权;与父母

[...]

在一起的权利;受保护免受有害的社会和风俗习惯影响的权利;受抚养的权利; 和在所有情况下获得法律援助的权利。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

Nothing in this Protocol shall be interpreted as imposing an obligation to extradite or to afford

[...] [...] mutual legal assistance if the requested Party has substantial grounds for believing that the request for extradition for offences set forth in Article 15 subparagraphs 1 (a) to (c) or for mutual legal assistance with respect to offences set forth in Article 15 has been made for the purpose of prosecuting or punishing a person on account of that person’s race, religion,nationality,ethnic origin or political opinion or that compliance with the request would cause prejudice to that person’s position for any of these reasons.

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

如被请求的缔约国有充分理由认为,以第 15 条 a 分段至 c 分段所述之违约行为要求引 渡,或以第 15 条所述之违约行为要求提供相 互司法协助的目的是为了因某人的种族、宗 教、国籍、族裔或政治观点而对该人进行起诉 和惩罚,或认为顺从这一请求将使该人的处境 因上述任何一种理由受到损害,则本《议定 书》的任何条款都不应被解释为规定该缔约国 有进行引渡或提供相互司法协助的义务。

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

These include: a deep-sea port being

[...] constructed on theIndianOcean near the Rakhine State capital of Sittwe, and parallel road, high-speed rail, and oil and natural gas pipelines that will create an energy and trade corridor to China’s landlocked south west; the Kaladan multi-modal project that will create a transportation corridor between theIndianOcean and India’s [...]

eastern seaboard

[...]

and its landlocked north east; and the Dawei Development Project which, if completed according to plan, would include a large industrial estate and modern deep-sea port in the south, with road and rail links for transhipment of goods to Thailand and on to Vietnam, cutting several days off the sea route through the Straits of Malacca.

crisisgroup.org

crisisgroup.org

这包括:兴建中的若开邦首府实兑印度海域深海 港口以及平行公路、高速铁路、 石油管道和天然气管道,这将建起一个缅甸通往中 国西南部内陆省份的能源和贸易走廊;加叻丹多式 运输项目(Kaladan multi-modal project)将印度 和印度东部沿海地区之间、印度洋和印度东北部 内陆地区之间建起一条交通走廊;以及达维发展项 目(Dawei Development Project),按照计划,该项 目将在缅甸南部修建一个大型工业区和一个现代化 深海港,以及连通泰国并进一步通至越南的公路和 铁路,这样可以从陆路将货物运送至泰国和越南, 比起经马六甲海峡的海路运输要少花好几天时间。

crisisgroup.org

crisisgroup.org

Southerners wishing to maintain their livelihoods in Sudan must acquire both

[...] South Sudanesenationalityand proper residency [...]

status in Sudan.

unicef.org

unicef.org

南苏丹人如果希望继续在苏丹生活,就必须要取得南 在苏 丹合 法的居住身份。

unicef.org

unicef.org

The Ministry is working to codify legislation that takes account of

[...]

constitutional and international provisions on

[...] human rights(NationalityCode, act on [...]

people living with HIV/AIDS), the need to

[...]

improve the functioning of the courts (act on personal status courts, act instituting judges responsible for the execution of sentences, legislation being developed to change the Supreme Court to a court of cassation, decree on the status of prison officials, etc.) and to revitalize the work of the members of the judiciary (Status of the Judiciary Act) with the aim of improving the efficiency of the legal system and access to justice.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

为改善司法系统的效率和对司法的运用,该部采取了各种行动编纂法律文 件,把与人(《》、与艾 滋病毒/艾滋病感染者有关的法律)、改进司法机 [...]

关的运转(属人法司法机关法律、设立执行法官的法律、正在制定的旨在将最高 法院转变为最高上诉法院的法律文件、关于监狱管理人员地位的法令等)以及重

[...]

振法官职能(法官地位法律)有关的宪法条款和国际条款考虑在内。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

Concerning other offences committed abroad, under article 9 of the Criminal Code, Paraguayan criminal law shall apply only when the dual criminality requirement is met and if at the

[...]

time of commission, the perpetrator (a)

[...] held Paraguayannationalityor acquired it [...]

after the offence was committed; or (b)

[...]

was not a Paraguayan national but was present in Paraguay and extradition had been refused even though the nature of the offence would have made it legally permissible; this provision shall also apply where there is no provision for punishment in the place of commission.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

关于在国外实施的其他罪行,《刑法典》第 9 条规定,巴拉圭刑法只适用于符合

[...] 两国共认罪行之规定的情况,且须满足以下条件,即行为人在犯罪时(a) 拥有犯罪后获 得国籍;或(b) 不是巴拉圭国民但却身处巴拉圭境内且引 [...]

渡已被拒绝,尽管根据犯罪性质本可依法允许;这一规定也应适用于犯罪地没有 规定惩罚的情况。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

The staff retreat held during the review period identified those regions and subregions where serious gaps exist: in

[...]

Africa (e.g. in eastern and southern

[...] Africa, including theIndianOcean Island States); [...]

in Asia-Pacific (e.g. in Central Asia

[...]

and in the Small Pacific Island States); in Latin America and the Caribbean (especially the Small Caribbean Island States); and in Europe (especially in Central and Eastern Europe).

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

在审查期内,通过召回人员发现了那些存在严重差距的地区和分地区:非洲(例如东非 和南非,包印度国) ;亚太地区(如中亚和太平洋小岛国);拉丁美洲及加勒比地区 [...]

差价(尤其是那些加勒比小岛国)和欧洲(尤其中欧和东欧)。

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

Georgia and Lithuania have closed loopholes which had previously

[...] allowed citizens to renounce or losenationalityeven if they became stateless.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

格鲁吉亚和立陶宛已经弥补以前甚至在公民即使成为 籍人 情况 下也允许其放弃或失籍的洞。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

In Seattle, Washington, for example, taxes can be paid through an Eritrean-owned travel agency.28 Whether or not the techniques they employ are extortive or illicit is often a matter of national or state law, and depends upon such questions as whether or not the collector is a

[...]

diplomat or other registered agent of a

[...] foreign power, thenationality of the collector [...]

and the kinds of legal and administrative

[...]

loopholes employed by collectors.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

例如,在华盛顿州西雅图,税款可通过厄立特里亚拥有的一家旅 行社缴纳。28 他们采用的方法是否具有敲诈或非法性质往往要视所在国或所在州

[...] 法律而定,并取决于收税人是外交官还是外国其他注册代理商、收 税人 籍以收税人利用了哪类法律和行政漏洞。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

The activities of nongovernmental organizations and other private actors, sometimes collectively referred to as “civil society” actors, are included within the scope of the draft articles only in a secondary manner, either as direct beneficiaries of duties placed on States (for example, of the duty of States to cooperate, in article 5) or indirectly, as being subject to the domestic laws, implementing the

[...]

draft articles, of either the affected State, a third State or

[...] the State ofnationalityof the entity [...]

or private actor.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

非政府组织和 其他私人行为者有时统称为“公民社会”行为者,他们的活动也包括在条款草案 的范围,但处于次要地位,或作为国家义务(例如第 5 条所规定的各国合作的义

[...] 务)的直接受益人,或根据受灾国、第三国或实体或私人 为者 籍国 内法,间接地实施条款草案。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

The updated Model Strategies and Practical Measures recognize that some special groups of women are

[...]

particularly vulnerable to violence, either

[...] because of theirnationality,ethnicity, religion [...]

or language, or because they belong

[...]

to an indigenous group, are migrants, are stateless, are refugees, live in underdeveloped, rural or remote communities, are homeless, are in institutions or in detention, have disabilities, are elderly, are widowed or live in conflict, post-conflict or disaster situations, and as such they require special attention, intervention and protection in the development of crime prevention and criminal justice responses to violence against women.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

示范战略和实际措施》增订本认识到有些特殊的妇女群体特别容易遭受暴 力行为,无论是由于籍、 宗教 和语言,还是由于其属于土著群体、移 [...]

民、无国籍人、难民、居住在不发达、农村或边远社区、无家可归、被机构安置 或拘留、身有残疾、是老年妇女、寡妇或生活在冲突、冲突后和灾害局势中,因

[...]

此,在制定针对暴力侵害妇女行为的预防犯罪和刑事司法对策时,需要对她们予 以特殊关注、干预和保护。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

The Conference, which was attended

[...]

by high-level researchers and experts

[...] from the Caribbean,IndianOcean and Pacific [...]

regions, had as its main objectives to

[...]

improve understanding of issues relating to cultural diversity within and between these regions, ensure an effective follow-up to the Mauritius Declaration, guide UNESCO policy orientation and activities from a “cultural diversity for sustainable development in SIDS” perspective, and contribute to UNESCO’s World Report on Cultural Diversity.

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

加勒和 太平洋 地区的高级研究人员和专家出席的这次会议的主要目标是:提高对这些地区内的和地 [...]

区之间的与文化多样性有关的问题的认识,确保切实有效地落实《毛里求斯宣言》、从“文 化多样性促进小岛屿可持续发展”的角度,指导教科文组织的政策方针和活动,并为教科文

[...]

组织的《世界文化多样性报告》作出贡献。

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

In recent years, they include the assurance of 100 days of employment to every person living in rural areas, the enactment of the Right to Information Act to help our citizens

[...]

to become more aware, the right to

[...] education to help everyIndianshare in the benefits [...]

of the country’s economic progress

[...]

and also to contribute to it, and the initiative for reservation for women in Parliament and in state legislatures to ensure equal partnership of women in our progress and the increase in reservation for women to 50 per cent in local bodies.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

近年来采取的此类措施包括:保证农村地区居民 每年就业 100

[...] 天;颁布“信息权法”,帮助使公民更 知情;落实受教育权,帮每一 分享 国家 经 济进步的利益并为之作出贡献;以及倡议在国家议会 [...]

和各州立法机构中为妇女保留席位,确保妇女在国家 进步过程中的平等伙伴地位,并将地方机构中为女性

[...]

保留的席位比例增加到 50%。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

The law on the status of refugees sets the legal, economic, social and institutional framework for granting the status of refugee in the Republic of

[...]

Moldova, without any discrimination based on

[...] race, religion,nationality,affiliation [...]

to any social group or political opinion,

[...]

the same rights and freedoms being guaranteed as those offered to foreign citizens and stateless persons present in the Republic of Moldova.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

摩尔多瓦共和国关于难民身份的法律确定了给予难民身份的法律、经济、

[...] 社会和体制框架,无任何基于种族、 何社 会团 体背景或政见的歧 视,从而保障了与摩尔多瓦共和国国内的外国公民和无国籍人员获得提供的同样 [...]

权利和自由。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

The human rights that are part of this pattern are broad-ranging and include the rights to life, to liberty, to personal integrity, to freedom of expression, assembly and

[...]

religion, to judicial remedy and due

[...] process of law, tonationality,to protection [...]

of civilians and internally displaced communities

[...]

and to prohibition against discrimination, among others.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

这一现象所涉人权范围广泛,包括生命、自由、人身完整、言论、

[...] 集会和宗教自由,司法补救和正当法律 籍、 国内 流离失所者的保 护以及禁止歧视等权利。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

(1) Any dispute howsoever arising directly or indirectly under or in respect of these by-laws or any of them in regard to any matter, act, event, or thing of whatsoever nature arising or occurring hereunder shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of Hong Kong wherever the matter,

[...]

act, event or thing shall take place

[...] and whatever the nationality,domicile or usual [...]

place of residence of any person or

[...]

party to such dispute and every action or claim arising directly or indirectly therefrom brought by or against the Corporation shall be and the same is hereby submitted to the exclusive jurisdiction of a competent court of jurisdiction in Hong Kong.

legco.gov.hk

legco.gov.hk

(1) 凡根據或就本附例或其任何條文而直接或間接引致(不論如何引致),並涉

[...]

及任何根據本附例而引致或發生的任何性質的事情、作為、事件或事物的糾紛,不論該事

[...] 情、作為、事件或事物於何處發生,亦不論與該糾紛有關的任何人或任何一方 、居 籍或本籍或慣常 居住地為何,均須受香港法例管限並按照香港法例解釋;因該糾紛而直接 [...]

或間接引致的由港鐵公司或針對港鐵公司提出的每宗訴訟或申索,須受並在此接受在香港

[...]

具司法管轄權的法院的專有審判權所限。

legco.gov.hk

legco.gov.hk

The Organic Law on Education defines the aims of education as follows: (a) to develop each human being’s creative potential for the full exercise of his or her personality and citizenship; (b) to develop a new political culture grounded in proactive participation and action to strengthen the power of the people; (c) to develop individuals on the basis of a

[...]

geohistorical approach aimed at instilling

[...] awareness of theirnationalityand sovereignty; [...]

(d) to promote respect for human dignity

[...]

and training informed by the ethical values of tolerance, justice, solidarity, peace, respect for human rights and non-discrimination; (e) to encourage the growth of ecological awareness with a view to preserving biodiversity and social diversity; and (f) to educate pupils in, by and through liberating social work from an integral standpoint.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

教育组织法》确定了如下教育目标:(a) 开发每个人的创造潜能,使其充

[...]

分行使他或她的个性和公民权;(b) 制定基于主动积极的参与和行动的新的政治 文化,以增强人民的权力;(c)

[...] 依据地史学的方法培养个人,使他权的意识 ;(d) 促进尊重人的尊严和了解以下内容的培训:容忍、正义、团结、 [...]

和平、尊重人权和不歧视的道德价值观;(e)

[...]

鼓励提高生态意识,以保护生物多 样性和社会多样性;(f) 从整体的角度,借助和通过解放性的社会工作并在这一 工作中教育学生。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

It notes that article 721 of the Code of Criminal Procedure stipulates that extradition requests shall be refused if

[...] [...] the Moroccan authorities have substantial grounds to believe that the extradition request for an ordinary offence has been made for the purpose of prosecuting or punishing a person on account of his race, religion,nationalityor political opinions or that the person’s position may be prejudiced for any of those reasons.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

它指出,《刑事 诉讼法》第721 条规定,如果摩洛哥当局有充分证据相信,就普通罪行提出的引 渡请求的目的是为了以种族、宗教、国籍或政治为观点起诉或惩罚一个人,或者 该人的地位可能因为上述任何原因而受到损害,则应拒绝引渡请求。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

We support the amendments to the Committee’s guidelines as outlined in resolution

[...]

1904 (2009), and would insist on an

[...] approach that takesnationalityand State of residence [...]

into account before listing or

[...]

de-listing, particularly since cooperation with the State in question is necessary either to obtaining supplementary information that they may be able to provide to the Committee or with a view to applying or lifting the intended sanctions.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

我们支持第 1904(2009)号决议中概述的对委员会指

[...] 导原则的修改,并坚持在列名或除名之住国的作 法,尤其是因为对于获得它们能够向委员 [...]

会提供的补充信息或者对于应用或取消意图制裁来 说,与有关国家合作是必要的。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

Before joining NAPCA, Dr. Chan cowrote and initiated a federally-funded

[...]

tribal home visiting grant to assess

[...] the needs of UrbanIndianfamilies in King County, Washington for UnitedIndiansof All Tribes Foundation.

napca.org

napca.org

在加入 NAPCA 之前﹐陳博士為 了評估景市區印第安人家庭的 需要﹐她與別人合作替部落印 第人聯合基金會書寫並帶頭開 始了聯邦資助部落家庭探訪補助 金。

napca.org

napca.org

Dr. Leung, a native Hong Kong citizen

[...] with Chinesenationality,holds a Bachelor [...]

(First Class Honours) degree of Science

[...]

(1990) from the Chinese University of Hong Kong, a Master degree of Science in Mathematics (1993) and a Doctor degree of Philosophy in Mathematics (1996) from the California Institute of Technology, and a Master degree of Science in Investment Management (1999) from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.

cre8ir.com

cre8ir.com

梁博士是土生土之中籍香居民 ,持 有香港中文大學之科學學士(一等榮譽)學位 [...]

(一九九零年)、加州理工學院之數學科學碩士學位(一九九三年)和數學哲學博士學位(一九 九六年),以及香港科技大學之投資管理科學碩士學位(一九九九年)。

cre8ir.com

cre8ir.com

Secondly, in so far as the group of aliens in question carries out its

[...]

hostile armed activities in

[...] the interest of the State ofnationalityof its members engaged in an [...]

armed conflict with the State

[...]

of residence, the members of the group who have been or are being expelled cannot “fear persecution for [their] political opinions or religious beliefs”.

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org

其次,由于所述外国人群体在其居留国与群体成 的国发生武装冲突时的利 益对 居留国采取武装敌对行动,所以这些群 体成员如被驱逐或在驱逐过程中不可能“因其政治意见或宗教信仰害怕受到迫 [...]

害”。

daccess-ods.un.org

daccess-ods.un.org